Medical malpractice is actions or omission considered to be professionally negligent by a health care provider. In cases which a standard of practice in the medical community has been established and the treatment provided falls below that of which is excepted. The results with most cases involving medical error can be injury or death to the patient.

Country and jurisdictions vary for standards and regulations for medical malpractice within countries. To offset the risks and cost of lawsuits based on medical malpractice, most medical professionals obtain professional liability insurance.